Speak Mandarin in 1000 words

“This book is divided into 100 lessons, and every lesson has three units: “Dialogue”, “Vocabulary”, and “Grammar and Sentence Patterns”. The content from dialogue is distilled from daily lives, and is practicability-oriented. The materials range from self-introduction, communication, travel, and Chinese festivals. Important and frequently used words and phrases are fully elaborated in “Vocabulary”. Students not only can understand the stroke order of listed words, but also the phrases derived from those words. In “Grammar and Sentence Patterns”, we hope the students can agilely apply the glossary they have learned and use Chinese fluently and naturally in daily lives. To maximize the effect of this book, many efforts have been put into this publication…….In the end, students can lay a solid foundation for Chinese learning in preparation for further studies of Chinese language.”

What is Metaphysics ?

Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that studies the first principles of being, identity and change, space and time, causality, necessity and possibility. It includes questions about the nature of consciousness and the relationship between mind and matter. The word “metaphysics” comes from two Greek words that, together, literally mean “after or behind or among [the study of] the natural”. It has been suggested that the term might have been coined by a first century CE editor who assembled various small selections of Aristotle’s works into the treatise we now know by the name Metaphysics (μετὰ τὰ φυσικά, meta ta physika, lit. ‘after the Physics ’, another of Aristotle’s works).

Metaphysics studies questions related to what it is for something to exist and what types of existence there are. Metaphysics seeks to answer, in an abstract and fully general manner, the questions:

1. What is there?
2. What is it like?

Topics of metaphysical investigation include existence, objects and their properties, space and time, cause and effect, and possibility. Metaphysics is considered one of the four main branches of philosophy, along with epistemology, logic, and ethics.

Speak Mandarin in 1000 words

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